Benzo engelska

Benzodiazepine

Class of depressant drugs

"Benzo" redirects here. For other uses, see Benzo (disambiguation).

Benzodiazepines (BZD, BDZ, BZs), colloquially known as "benzos", are a class of depressant drugs whose core chemical structure is the fusion of a benzene ring and a diazepine ring. They are prescribed to treat conditions such as anxiety disorders, insomnia, and seizures. The first benzodiazepine, chlordiazepoxide (Librium), was discovered accidentally by Leo Sternbach in , and was made available in by Hoffmann–La Roche, which followed with the development of diazepam (Valium) three years later, in [1] By , benzodiazepines were the most prescribed medications globally; the introduction of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), among other factors, decreased rates of prescription, but they remain frequently used worldwide.[2][3]

Benzodiazepines are depressants that enhance the effect of the neurotransmittergamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) at the GABAA receptor, resulting in sedative, hypnotic (sleep-inducing), anxiolytic (anti-anxiety), anticonvulsant, and muscle relaxant properties. High doses of many shorter-acting b

  • benzo engelska

    • List of benzodiazepines

    Chemical structure Code pIC50 / IC50Chemical name PubChem CAS number
    Ro / 40nM7-fluorophenyl-1H-benzo[e] [1,4]diazepin-2(3H)-one
    Ro / 17nM7-fluorophenylmethyl-1H-benzo[e] [1,4]diazepin-2(3H)-one
    Ro / nM7-fluoro(2-fluorophenyl)-1H-benzo[e] [1,4]diazepin-2(3H)-one
    Ro / nM7-fluoro(2-fluorophenyl)methyl-1H-benzo[e] [1,4]diazepin-2(3H)-one
    Iso-flubromazepam7-fluoro(2-bromophenyl)-1H-benzo[e] [1,4]diazepin-2(3H)-one
    Nordazepam / nM7-chlorophenyl-1H-benzo[e] [1,4]diazepin-2(3H)-one
    Diazepam / nM7-chlorophenylmethyl-1H-benzo[e] [1,4]diazepin-2(3H)-one
    Norflurazepam (Ro)7-chloro(2-fluorophenyl)-1H-benzo[e] [1,4]diazepin-2(3H)-one
    Fludiazepam7-chloro(2-fluorophenyl)methyl-1H-benzo[e] [1,4]diazepin-2(3H)-one
    Ro / nM7-chloro(2,6-difluorophenyl)-1H-benzo[e] [1,4]diazepin-2(3H)-one
    Difludiazepam (Ro) / nM7-chloro(2,6-difluorophenyl)methyl-1H-benzo[e] [1,4]diazepin-2(3H)-one
    Delorazepam / nM7-chloro(2-chlorophenyl)-1H-benzo[e] [1,4]diazepin-2(3H)-one
    Diclazepam (Ro) †7-chl

    Benzodiazepines

    • Benzodiazepines are a class of psychoactive drugs known for their sedative and calming effects. Due to their rapid onset and quick symptom relief, they are often used for treating severe anxiety and insomnia. They are also effective at rapidly aborting convulsant activity in people with epilepsy or other seizure disorders.     

       

      There are different types of benzodiazepines, varying in their chemistry and duration of action. There are short-acting (<24 hours) and long-acting (>24 hours) substances. The most well-known benzodiazepines are diazepam, alprazolam, temazepam and nitrazepam.

       

      Benzodiazepines were introduced into clinical use in the ’s with chlordiazepoxide, closely followed bygd diazepam (Valium). The introduction of benzodiazepines led to a revolution in the treatment of anxiety and insomnia, as they were significantly safer than barbiturates, the drug class they replaced. ​

       

      Due to their calming and sedative effects, benzodiazepines became a mål for abuse quickly after their release onto the market. Street names for benzodiazepines include “vallies”, “jellies”, &l